SMC Linear Actuators: Dependable solutions for industrial motion
Designed for industrial automation, SMC linear actuators and linear actuating cylinders deliver efficient, consistent linear movement with high precision. Powered by compressed air, these pneumatic actuators transform air energy into straight-line mechanical motion—supporting tasks such as pushing, pulling, lifting, and accurate load positioning within automated systems.
This section introduces SMC’s pneumatic linear actuator range, outlines typical applications, and provides practical guidance to help you choose the most suitable model for your requirements.
What is a linear actuator and how does it work?
A linear actuator—often called a linear air cylinder, pneumatic piston cylinder, or linear motion actuator—is a pneumatic device that creates straight-line movement, even where space is limited. It works by turning compressed air into mechanical force, allowing a system to move a load or apply force to a tool. That makes it a common choice in automation setups where compact design and efficient motion are priorities.
In pneumatic systems, linear actuators typically sit at the end of the compressed-air circuit and act as the element that converts air supply into controlled movement or force. They are available in two main operating configurations: single-acting and double-acting.
- Single-acting cylinders: Compressed air drives the piston in one direction, while an internal spring returns it to the home position.
- Double-acting cylinders: Air pressure moves the piston in both directions, enabling greater force and more controlled motion.
To limit impacts at the end of the stroke, many linear air cylinders also include cushioning. Depending on the design, this can be elastic cushioning, pneumatic cushioning, or hydraulic cushioning using external devices. Cushioning helps reduce vibration and noise, while also protecting the actuator and the load from mechanical shock.
Types of pneumatic linear actuatorsv
Round body cylinders
Round body cylinders are compact pneumatic actuators with a piston rod, designed for efficient performance in automation systems. Because of their round, cylindrical shape, they fit well where installation space is limited. They are available as single-acting or double-acting units and are known for smooth operation, long working life, and low maintenance needs. Many versions are manufactured to ISO 6432, which supports global compatibility and easier integration. With quick installation and straightforward configuration, they suit a broad range of automation tasks where durability and simplicity are key.
SMC supplies tie rod and profile cylinders that meet ISO 15552. The key distinction is the method used to attach position sensors. Profile cylinders include integrated slots that simplify sensor fitting, whereas tie rod cylinders need a specific mounting kit to secure the sensor to one of the tie rods.
These small linear actuators are intended for installations with limited space. They deliver the same stroke and thrust as standard cylinders, but in a much smaller format. By reducing the dimensions of the end caps and piston, they suit applications where space is extremely tight where every millimetre matters. Compact actuators are best for shorter strokes and lower radial loads, while still providing robust, efficient, and precise linear motion.
Designed as short-stroke miniature actuators, pin cylinders keep overall length to a minimum. Their compact build allows them to be mounted directly in a machine or on a panel, reducing the installation footprint. They are commonly used for clamping, ejecting, gripping, and stopping tasks where space is tight and precise motion is required.
Stainless steel cylinder
In applications where hygiene and corrosion resistance are essential—such as food and pharmaceutical environments—SMC offers stainless steel pneumatic cylinders made from 304 stainless steel. Built for durability, they are easy to clean and withstand harsh cleaning agents. Selected models include hygienic seals that comply with FDA and EU 1935/2004 requirements, helping limit contamination and meet strict regulatory standards.
Typical applications of linear actuators
Because of their reliable, versatile performance, pneumatic linear actuators are widely used across many industrial sectors. Common uses include:
- Clamping and positioning: Holding or aligning workpieces accurately in machining, assembly, or inspection processes.
- Pushing, pulling and lifting: Driving component or material movement in packaging, handling, and transfer operations.
- Ejecting and stopping: Managing part flow within conveyors, grippers, or robotic systems.
Benefits of SMC’s linear cylinders
- Extensive product range: SMC provides a broad portfolio of linear actuators, with models built to suit different space constraints, load demands, and environmental conditions.
- Customisation options: A wide selection of mounting choices, rod modifications, and adaptations for specific environments (e.g., spatter-resistant versions).
- Compliance with international standards: Many SMC cylinders meet ISO 15552 and other global standards, supporting compatibility, straightforward replacement, and seamless integration into existing systems.
How to choose the right linear air cylinder?
When selecting a linear air cylinder for your application, consider these key factors:
- Bore size and stroke: Cylinder output and travel depend on bore size and stroke length. Select these values based on the force and movement your application requires.
- Mounting options: Match the mounting method to your system’s design constraints. Compact cylinders offer multiple mounting configurations for added flexibility.
- Load stopping impact: Review the loads the cylinder must manage, including any end-of-stroke impacts. Where necessary, add shock absorbers to protect workpieces and support smooth operation.
- External forces: Allow for external forces such as side loads or other loads that may influence cylinder performance.
- Operating speed and air flow: Define the required operating speed and confirm the pneumatic circuit can deliver enough air flow for the desired performance.
- Environmental factors: Factor in moisture, dust, and temperature extremes. Choosing components designed for the operating environment helps extend service life.
To keep pneumatic systems reliable and extend their service life, it’s important to maintain high compressed air quality and follow the recommended maintenance practices.
If you want support in Norwegian or English selecting a linear actuator, reach out to our team for tailored recommendations.
